Diabetes Diagnosis , Types, Treatment

Diabetes is one of several diseases that have insulin-related problems. The pancreas, an organ below the stomach, generally releases insulin to help your body store and utilize the fats and carbohydrates from the food you eat. Diabetes is a chronic condition. 18.2 million Americans are thought to have the illness, and nearly 5.2 million of them are completely ignorant of their condition. Pre-diabetes affects an estimated 41 million people. There is no remedy as of now. Diabetes sufferers must control their condition to maintain their health. Today we will discus following topics:

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Diabetes:

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease in which a person's body is unable to control the level of sugar in blood.It has adverse damage to the heart,blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves.

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Types of diabetes..

Type-I diabetes mellitus

Type-II diabetes mellitus

Pre diabetes mellitus

Type - I diabetes:

A chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin.

Type - II diabetes:

A long term medical condition in which your body doesn't use insulin properly resulting in unusual blood sugar levels.

Pre-diabetes:

A condition in which blood sugar is high but not high enough to be type 2 diabetes.

Clinical manifestations:

Classic signs: Polyuria, Polydipsia,and Polyphagia
Sudden vision changes,fatigue,somnolence,wounds,or skin lesions that are slow to heal.

Diagnosis

Fasting plasma glucose levels above 125mg/dl
Random and postprandial (2hours)blood sugar levels more than 200mg/dl
Other test includes glycosylated hemoglobin which helps to assess the blood sugar level in the last three months.

Complications of diabetes mellitus.

●Acute :Hypoglycemia,Hypoglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome(HHNS)and Diabetic ketoacidosos(DKA)

Chronic:

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Macrovascular diseases, affects coronary,peripheral and cerebral circulations.
Microvascular disease affects eyes(retinopathy)and kidneys (nephropathy)
Neuropathic disease affects sensory motor and autonaomic nerves which leads to impotence and food ulcers

Treatment:

Treatment includes diet,exercise,medication,insulin therapy.

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Foods to eat in diabetes:

Fruits: Apples, oranges, berries

Vegetables: Cauliflower, broccoli, cucumber, Brown rice, walnuts, olive oil, avocados, vegetable juice, water, black coffee

Foods to avoid in diabetes:

Beef, pork, cheese, whole milk, ice cream, deserts, fried foods, cookies, soda, sweet tea.

Recommended diet restriction in percentage.

Fat intake should equal 20%_30% Of total calories.
Protein intake 10%_20%of total calories.
Carbohydrate intake 50%_60%of calories.
Cholesterol intake300mg or less.
Fibre intake,20_30g daily.
Sodium intake2_3gm daily.

Exercises:

It includes walking, cycling, swimming, Aerobic dance.

Medication:

{As Recommend by Doctor} There are some food supplements in the market that can help you to maintain blood sugar. Here is an example bellow.


Ensure Diabetes Care- Nutrition to Help Control Blood Sugar Levels- 400 gm Jar	Buy now

Insulin Therapy:

Here is a Chart that follows to treat Diabetes SOS by medical Care Professionals.

Types of insulins	Oneset of action	Peak action	Duration of Action
Regular insulin	30-60 minutes	1-5 hours	6-10 hours
Rapid-action insulines lispro (Humalog) and aspart (Novo log)	2-25 min	30-90 min	2-5 hour
Intermediate- acting insulin (NPH) or Lente insulin	1-4 hours	6-12 hours	12-24 hours
Long acting Insulins	4-8 hours	16-18 hours	Up to 30 hours